ide-usb/Core/Src/ide.c

#include "main.h"
#include "cmsis_os.h"
#include "ide.h"

/* register addresses are in format CS0 CS1 A2 A1 A0 */
#define REG_DATA           0b01000
#define REG_ERROR_FEATURES 0b01001
#define REG_SECTOR_COUNT   0b01010
#define REG_SECTOR         0b01011
#define REG_CYL_LOW        0b01100
#define REG_CYL_HIGH       0b01101
#define REG_HEAD_DEVICE    0b01110
#define REG_STATUS_COMMAND 0b01111

#define BYTE_COUNT_LOW     0b10100
#define BYTE_COUNT_HIGH    0b10101

#define REG_CS0_MASK 0b00010000
#define REG_CS1_MASK 0b00001000
#define REG_DA2_MASK 0b00000100
#define REG_DA1_MASK 0b00000010
#define REG_DA0_MASK 0b00000001

static uint32_t ide_current_bus_mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;

static inline void ide_set_bus_mode(uint32_t mode) {
	if (ide_current_bus_mode == mode) {
		return; // already in requested mode
	}
	ide_current_bus_mode = mode;

	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
	  /*Configure GPIO pins : IDE_DD4_Pin IDE_DD5_Pin IDE_DD6_Pin IDE_DD7_Pin
	                           IDE_DD8_Pin IDE_DD9_Pin IDE_DD10_Pin IDE_DD11_Pin
	                           IDE_DD12_Pin IDE_DD13_Pin IDE_DD14_Pin IDE_DD15_Pin */
	GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = IDE_DD4_Pin|IDE_DD5_Pin|IDE_DD6_Pin|IDE_DD7_Pin
	                          |IDE_DD8_Pin|IDE_DD9_Pin|IDE_DD10_Pin|IDE_DD11_Pin
	                          |IDE_DD12_Pin|IDE_DD13_Pin|IDE_DD14_Pin|IDE_DD15_Pin;
	GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = mode;
	GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
	GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
	HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOE, &GPIO_InitStruct);

	/*Configure GPIO pins : IDE_DD0_Pin IDE_DD1_Pin IDE_DD2_Pin IDE_DD3_Pin */
	GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = IDE_DD0_Pin|IDE_DD1_Pin|IDE_DD2_Pin|IDE_DD3_Pin;
	GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = mode;
	GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
	GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
	HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}

#define PORTD_BUS_IDR_MASK 0b00000000000000000000000000001111
#define PORTE_BUS_IDR_MASK 0b00000000000000001111111111110000
#define PORTD_BUS_BSRR_MASK 0b0000000000001111
#define PORTE_BUS_BSRR_MASK 0b1111111111110000

#define CORE_CLOCK_HZ 218E6 // 168 MHz
#define CORE_CYCLE_TIME_S (1 / CORE_CLOCK_HZ)
#define CORE_CYCLE_TIME_NS ((int)(CORE_CYCLE_TIME_S * 1E9 + 1)) // 6ns
#define NDELAY_CYCLES_PER_ITERATION 3

static inline void ide_ndelay(unsigned int ns) {
	unsigned int iterations = (ns / CORE_CYCLE_TIME_NS) / NDELAY_CYCLES_PER_ITERATION + 1;
	asm volatile (
		"0: subs %[i], 1;"
		"bne 0b;"
		: [i] "+r" (iterations)
	);
}

static void ide_select_register(uint8_t reg) {
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_CS0_GPIO_Port, IDE_CS0_Pin, reg & REG_CS0_MASK ? GPIO_PIN_SET : GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_CS1_GPIO_Port, IDE_CS1_Pin, reg & REG_CS1_MASK ? GPIO_PIN_SET : GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_DA0_GPIO_Port, IDE_DA0_Pin, reg & REG_DA0_MASK ? GPIO_PIN_SET : GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_DA1_GPIO_Port, IDE_DA1_Pin, reg & REG_DA1_MASK ? GPIO_PIN_SET : GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_DA2_GPIO_Port, IDE_DA2_Pin, reg & REG_DA2_MASK ? GPIO_PIN_SET : GPIO_PIN_RESET);
}

static uint16_t ide_register_read(uint8_t reg) {
	ide_set_bus_mode(GPIO_MODE_INPUT);
	ide_select_register(reg);
	ide_ndelay(70);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_DIOR_GPIO_Port, IDE_DIOR_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET); // flash read strobe (active low)
	ide_ndelay(290);
	uint16_t result = (uint16_t)((GPIOD->IDR & PORTD_BUS_IDR_MASK) | (GPIOE->IDR & PORTE_BUS_IDR_MASK));
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_DIOR_GPIO_Port, IDE_DIOR_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET); // release read strobe
	return result;
}

static void ide_register_write(uint8_t reg, uint16_t word) {
	ide_set_bus_mode(GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP);
	ide_select_register(reg);
	GPIOD->BSRR = ((~word & PORTD_BUS_BSRR_MASK) << 16) | (word & PORTD_BUS_BSRR_MASK);
	GPIOE->BSRR = ((~word & PORTE_BUS_BSRR_MASK) << 16) | (word & PORTE_BUS_BSRR_MASK);
	ide_ndelay(70);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_DIOW_GPIO_Port, IDE_DIOW_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET); // flash write strobe (active low)
	ide_ndelay(290);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_DIOW_GPIO_Port, IDE_DIOW_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET); // release write strobe
	ide_ndelay(60);
	ide_set_bus_mode(GPIO_MODE_INPUT);
}

static void ide_error() {
	/*uint16_t error = ide_register_read_once(REG_ERROR_FEATURES);
	int amnf  = error & 0b00000001;
	int tk0nf = error & 0b00000010;
	int abrt  = error & 0b00000100;
	int mcr   = error & 0b00001000;
	int idnf  = error & 0b00010000;
	int mc    = error & 0b00100000;
	int unc   = error & 0b01000000;*/

	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_RESET_GPIO_Port, IDE_RESET_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	while(1) {
		HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LED_2_GPIO_Port, LED_2_Pin);
		osDelay(100);
	}
}

int ide_ready() {
	uint16_t status = ide_register_read(REG_STATUS_COMMAND);
	if (status & 1) ide_error();
	int ready = status & 0b0000000001000000;
	int busy = status & 0b0000000010000000;
	return ready && !busy;
}

static int ide_drq() {
	uint16_t status = ide_register_read(REG_STATUS_COMMAND);
	if (status & 1) ide_error();
	return status & 0b0000000000001000;
}

static void ide_set_lba(uint32_t lba, uint16_t sector_count) { // 28 bit lba
	ide_register_write(REG_HEAD_DEVICE, (uint8_t)((lba & 0x0F000000) >> 24) | 0b11100000); // master device, LBA mode, lba most significant 4 bits
	ide_register_write(REG_CYL_HIGH,    (uint8_t)((lba & 0x00FF0000) >> 16));
	ide_register_write(REG_CYL_LOW,     (uint8_t)((lba & 0x0000FF00) >> 8));
	ide_register_write(REG_SECTOR,      (uint8_t)((lba & 0x000000FF)));
	ide_register_write(REG_SECTOR_COUNT, sector_count);
}

static void ide_reset() {
	// never drive the bus unless when actually writing
	ide_set_bus_mode(GPIO_MODE_INPUT);
	// read/write strobes are active low -> normally keep them pulled high
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_DIOR_GPIO_Port, IDE_DIOR_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_DIOW_GPIO_Port, IDE_DIOW_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	// now enable the level shifters, connecting the MCU and the IDE device
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(TXS0108E_OE_GPIO_Port, TXS0108E_OE_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	// start device reset
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_RESET_GPIO_Port, IDE_RESET_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	// wait for the device to reset
	osDelay(1);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_RESET_GPIO_Port, IDE_RESET_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	osDelay(4);
	ide_register_write(REG_HEAD_DEVICE, 0b11100000); // select master device and LBA mode
	// set PIO default mode without IORDY
	ide_register_write(REG_SECTOR_COUNT, 0x01); // PIO default mode, disable IORDY (ACS-4 7.43.4)
	ide_register_write(REG_ERROR_FEATURES, 0x03); // "Set transfer mode" (ACS-4 7.43.2)
	ide_register_write(REG_STATUS_COMMAND, 0xEF); // SET FEATURES (ACS-4 7.43)
	while(!ide_ready());
}

void ide_read_next_sector(uint8_t* buf) {
	uint16_t* buf16 = (uint16_t*) buf;
	while(!ide_drq());
	ide_set_bus_mode(GPIO_MODE_INPUT);
	ide_select_register(REG_DATA);
	ide_ndelay(70);
	for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
		HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_DIOR_GPIO_Port, IDE_DIOR_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET); // flash read strobe (active low)
		ide_ndelay(165);
		buf16[i] = (uint16_t)((GPIOD->IDR & PORTD_BUS_IDR_MASK) | (GPIOE->IDR & PORTE_BUS_IDR_MASK));
		HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_DIOR_GPIO_Port, IDE_DIOR_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET); // release read strobe
	}
	ide_ndelay(600);
}

static void ide_identify_device(uint8_t* buf) {
	while(!ide_ready());
	ide_register_write(REG_STATUS_COMMAND, 0xEC);
	ide_read_next_sector(buf);
}

void ide_init() {
	ide_reset();
}

int ide_get_num_sectors() {
	uint16_t buf[256];
	ide_identify_device((uint8_t*) buf);
	return ((uint32_t)(buf[61]) << 16) | ((uint32_t)(buf[60]));
}

void ide_begin_read_sectors(uint32_t lba, uint16_t num_sectors) {
	while(!ide_ready());
	ide_set_lba(lba, num_sectors);
	ide_register_write(REG_STATUS_COMMAND, 0x20);
}

void ide_write_next_sector(uint8_t* buf) {
	uint16_t* buf16 = (uint16_t*) buf;
	while(!ide_drq());
	ide_set_bus_mode(GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP);
	ide_select_register(REG_DATA);
	ide_ndelay(70);
	for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
		uint16_t word = buf16[i];
		GPIOD->BSRR = ((~word & PORTD_BUS_BSRR_MASK) << 16) | (word & PORTD_BUS_BSRR_MASK);
		GPIOE->BSRR = ((~word & PORTE_BUS_BSRR_MASK) << 16) | (word & PORTE_BUS_BSRR_MASK);
		ide_ndelay(60);
		HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_DIOW_GPIO_Port, IDE_DIOW_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET); // flash write strobe (active low)
		ide_ndelay(165);
		HAL_GPIO_WritePin(IDE_DIOW_GPIO_Port, IDE_DIOW_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET); // release write strobe
	}
	ide_ndelay(600);
	ide_set_bus_mode(GPIO_MODE_INPUT);
}

void ide_begin_write_sectors(uint32_t lba, uint16_t num_sectors) {
	while(!ide_ready());
	ide_set_lba(lba, num_sectors);
	ide_register_write(REG_STATUS_COMMAND, 0x30);
}