BlueSCSI-v2/lib/ZuluSCSI_platform_RP2MCU/sd_card_sdio.cpp

/** 
 * ZuluSCSI™ - Copyright (c) 2022-2025 Rabbit Hole Computing™
 * Copyright (c) 2024 Tech by Androda, LLC
 * 
 * ZuluSCSI™ firmware is licensed under the GPL version 3 or any later version. 
 * 
 * https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
 * ----
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version. 
 * 
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details. 
 * 
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
**/

// Driver for accessing SD card in SDIO mode on RP2040 and RP23XX.

#include "ZuluSCSI_platform.h"

#ifdef SD_USE_SDIO

#include "ZuluSCSI_log.h"
#include "sdio.h"
#include "timings_RP2MCU.h"
#include <hardware/gpio.h>
#include <SdFat.h>
#include <SdCard/SdCardInfo.h>

static uint32_t g_sdio_ocr; // Operating condition register from card
static uint32_t g_sdio_rca; // Relative card address
static cid_t g_sdio_cid;
static csd_t g_sdio_csd;
static sds_t __attribute__((aligned(4))) g_sdio_sds;
static int g_sdio_error_line;
static sdio_status_t g_sdio_error;
static uint32_t g_sdio_dma_buf[128];
static uint32_t g_sdio_sector_count;

#define checkReturnOk(call) ((g_sdio_error = (call)) == SDIO_OK ? true : logSDError(__LINE__))
static bool logSDError(int line)
{
    g_sdio_error_line = line;
    dbgmsg("SDIO SD card error on line ", line, ", error code ", (int)g_sdio_error);
    return false;
}

// Callback used by SCSI code for simultaneous processing
static sd_callback_t m_stream_callback;
static const uint8_t *m_stream_buffer;
static uint32_t m_stream_count;
static uint32_t m_stream_count_start;

void platform_set_sd_callback(sd_callback_t func, const uint8_t *buffer)
{
    m_stream_callback = func;
    m_stream_buffer = buffer;
    m_stream_count = 0;
    m_stream_count_start = 0;
}

static sd_callback_t get_stream_callback(const uint8_t *buf, uint32_t count, const char *accesstype, uint32_t sector)
{
    m_stream_count_start = m_stream_count;

    if (m_stream_callback)
    {
        if (buf == m_stream_buffer + m_stream_count)
        {
            m_stream_count += count;
            return m_stream_callback;
        }
        else
        {
            dbgmsg("SD card ", accesstype, "(", (int)sector,
                  ") slow transfer, buffer", (uint32_t)buf, " vs. ", (uint32_t)(m_stream_buffer + m_stream_count));
            return NULL;
        }
    }
    
    return NULL;
}

bool SdioCard::begin(SdioConfig sdioConfig)
{
    uint32_t reply;
    sdio_status_t status;
    
    // Initialize at 1 MHz clock speed
    rp2040_sdio_init(g_zuluscsi_timings->sdio.clk_div_1mhz);

    // Establish initial connection with the card
    for (int retries = 0; retries < 5; retries++)
    {
        // After a hard fault crash, delayMicroseconds hangs
        // using busy_wait_us_32 instead
        // delayMicroseconds(1000);
        busy_wait_us_32(1000);
        reply = 0;
        rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD0, 0, NULL); // GO_IDLE_STATE
        status = rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD8, 0x1AA, &reply); // SEND_IF_COND

        if (status == SDIO_OK && reply == 0x1AA)
        {
            break;
        }
    }

    if (reply != 0x1AA || status != SDIO_OK)
    {
        // dbgmsg("SDIO not responding to CMD8 SEND_IF_COND, status ", (int)status, " reply ", reply);
        return false;
    }

    // Send ACMD41 to begin card initialization and wait for it to complete
    uint32_t start = millis();
    do {
        if (!checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD55, 0, &reply)) || // APP_CMD
            !checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R3(ACMD41, 0xD0040000, &g_sdio_ocr))) // 3.0V voltage
            // !checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(ACMD41, 0xC0100000, &g_sdio_ocr)))
        {
            return false;
        }

        if ((uint32_t)(millis() - start) > 1000)
        {
            logmsg("SDIO card initialization timeout");
            return false;
        }
    } while (!(g_sdio_ocr & (1 << 31)));

    // Get CID
    if (!checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R2(CMD2, 0, (uint8_t*)&g_sdio_cid)))
    {
        dbgmsg("SDIO failed to read CID");
        return false;
    }

    // Get relative card address
    if (!checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD3, 0, &g_sdio_rca)))
    {
        dbgmsg("SDIO failed to get RCA");
        return false;
    }

    // Get CSD
    if (!checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R2(CMD9, g_sdio_rca, (uint8_t*)&g_sdio_csd)))
    {
        dbgmsg("SDIO failed to read CSD");
        return false;
    }

    g_sdio_sector_count = sectorCount();

    // Select card
    if (!checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD7, g_sdio_rca, &reply)))
    {
        dbgmsg("SDIO failed to select card");
        return false;
    }

    // Set 4-bit bus mode
    if (!checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD55, g_sdio_rca, &reply)) ||
        !checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(ACMD6, 2, &reply)))
    {
        dbgmsg("SDIO failed to set bus width");
        return false;
    }

    // Read SD Status field
    memset(&g_sdio_sds, 0, sizeof(sds_t));
    uint8_t* stat_pointer = (uint8_t*) &g_sdio_sds;
    if (!checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD55, g_sdio_rca, &reply)) ||
        !checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(ACMD13, 0, &reply)) ||
        !checkReturnOk(receive_status_register(stat_pointer)))
    {
        dbgmsg("SDIO failed to get SD Status");
        return false;
    }

    // Increase to 25 MHz clock rate
    rp2040_sdio_init(1);

    return true;
}

uint8_t SdioCard::errorCode() const
{
    return g_sdio_error;
}

uint32_t SdioCard::errorData() const
{
    return 0;
}

uint32_t SdioCard::errorLine() const
{
    return g_sdio_error_line;
}

bool SdioCard::isBusy() 
{
#if SDIO_D0 > 31
    return 0 == (sio_hw->gpio_hi_in & (1 << (SDIO_D0 - 32)));
#else
    return 0 == (sio_hw->gpio_in & (1 << SDIO_D0));
#endif
}

uint32_t SdioCard::kHzSdClk()
{
    return 0;
}

bool SdioCard::readCID(cid_t* cid)
{
    *cid = g_sdio_cid;
    return true;
}

bool SdioCard::readCSD(csd_t* csd)
{
    *csd = g_sdio_csd;
    return true;
}

bool SdioCard::readSDS(sds_t* sds)
{
    *sds = g_sdio_sds;
    return true;
}

bool SdioCard::readOCR(uint32_t* ocr)
{
    // SDIO mode does not have CMD58, but main program uses this to
    // poll for card presence. Return status register instead.
    return checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD13, g_sdio_rca, ocr));
}

bool SdioCard::readData(uint8_t* dst)
{
    logmsg("SdioCard::readData() called but not implemented!");
    return false;
}

bool SdioCard::readStart(uint32_t sector)
{
    logmsg("SdioCard::readStart() called but not implemented!");
    return false;
}

bool SdioCard::readStop()
{
    logmsg("SdioCard::readStop() called but not implemented!");
    return false;
}

uint32_t SdioCard::sectorCount()
{
    return g_sdio_csd.capacity();
}

uint32_t SdioCard::status()
{
    uint32_t reply;
    if (checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD13, g_sdio_rca, &reply)))
        return reply;
    else
        return 0;
}

bool SdioCard::stopTransmission(bool blocking)
{
    uint32_t reply;
    if (!checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD12, 0, &reply)))
    {
        return false;
    }

    if (!blocking)
    {
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        uint32_t start = millis();
        while ((uint32_t)(millis() - start) < 5000 && isBusy())
        {
            if (m_stream_callback)
            {
                m_stream_callback(m_stream_count);
            }
        }
        if (isBusy())
        {
            logmsg("SdioCard::stopTransmission() timeout");
            return false;
        }
        else
        {
            return true;
        }
    }
}

bool SdioCard::syncDevice()
{
    return true;
}

uint8_t SdioCard::type() const
{
    if (g_sdio_ocr & (1 << 30))
        return SD_CARD_TYPE_SDHC;
    else
        return SD_CARD_TYPE_SD2;
}

bool SdioCard::writeData(const uint8_t* src)
{
    logmsg("SdioCard::writeData() called but not implemented!");
    return false;
}

bool SdioCard::writeStart(uint32_t sector)
{
    logmsg("SdioCard::writeStart() called but not implemented!");
    return false;
}

bool SdioCard::writeStop()
{
    logmsg("SdioCard::writeStop() called but not implemented!");
    return false;
}

bool SdioCard::erase(uint32_t firstSector, uint32_t lastSector)
{
    logmsg("SdioCard::erase() not implemented");
    return false;
}

bool SdioCard::cardCMD6(uint32_t arg, uint8_t* status) {
    logmsg("SdioCard::cardCMD6() not implemented");
    return false;
}

bool SdioCard::readSCR(scr_t* scr) {
    logmsg("SdioCard::readSCR() not implemented");
    return false;
}

/* Writing and reading, with progress callback */

bool SdioCard::writeSector(uint32_t sector, const uint8_t* src)
{
    if (((uint32_t)src & 3) != 0)
    {
        // Buffer is not aligned, need to memcpy() the data to a temporary buffer.
        memcpy(g_sdio_dma_buf, src, sizeof(g_sdio_dma_buf));
        src = (uint8_t*)g_sdio_dma_buf;
    }

    // If possible, report transfer status to application through callback.
    sd_callback_t callback = get_stream_callback(src, 512, "writeSector", sector);

    // Cards up to 2GB use byte addressing, SDHC cards use sector addressing
    uint32_t address = (type() == SD_CARD_TYPE_SDHC) ? sector : (sector * 512);

    uint32_t reply;
    if (!checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(16, 512, &reply)) || // SET_BLOCKLEN
        !checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD24, address, &reply)) || // WRITE_BLOCK
        !checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_tx_start(src, 1))) // Start transmission
    {
        return false;
    }

    do {
        uint32_t bytes_done;
        g_sdio_error = rp2040_sdio_tx_poll(&bytes_done);

        if (callback)
        {
            callback(m_stream_count_start + bytes_done);
        }
    } while (g_sdio_error == SDIO_BUSY);

    if (g_sdio_error != SDIO_OK)
    {
        logmsg("SdioCard::writeSector(", sector, ") failed: ", (int)g_sdio_error);
    }

    return g_sdio_error == SDIO_OK;
}

bool SdioCard::writeSectors(uint32_t sector, const uint8_t* src, size_t n)
{
    if (((uint32_t)src & 3) != 0)
    {
        // Unaligned write, execute sector-by-sector
        for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
            if (!writeSector(sector + i, src + 512 * i))
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    sd_callback_t callback = get_stream_callback(src, n * 512, "writeSectors", sector);

    // Cards up to 2GB use byte addressing, SDHC cards use sector addressing
    uint32_t address = (type() == SD_CARD_TYPE_SDHC) ? sector : (sector * 512);

    uint32_t reply;
    if (!checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(16, 512, &reply)) || // SET_BLOCKLEN
        !checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD55, g_sdio_rca, &reply)) || // APP_CMD
        !checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(ACMD23, n, &reply)) || // SET_WR_CLK_ERASE_COUNT
        !checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD25, address, &reply)) || // WRITE_MULTIPLE_BLOCK
        !checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_tx_start(src, n))) // Start transmission
    {
        return false;
    }

    do {
        uint32_t bytes_done;
        g_sdio_error = rp2040_sdio_tx_poll(&bytes_done);

        if (callback)
        {
            callback(m_stream_count_start + bytes_done);
        }
    } while (g_sdio_error == SDIO_BUSY);

    if (g_sdio_error != SDIO_OK)
    {
        logmsg("SdioCard::writeSectors(", sector, ",...,", (int)n, ") failed: ", (int)g_sdio_error);
        stopTransmission(true);
        return false;
    }
    else
    {
        // TODO: Instead of CMD12 stopTransmission command, according to SD spec we should send stopTran token.
        // stopTransmission seems to work in practice.
        return stopTransmission(true);
    }
}

bool SdioCard::readSector(uint32_t sector, uint8_t* dst)
{
    uint8_t *real_dst = dst;
    if (((uint32_t)dst & 3) != 0)
    {
        // Buffer is not aligned, need to memcpy() the data from a temporary buffer.
        dst = (uint8_t*)g_sdio_dma_buf;
    }

    sd_callback_t callback = get_stream_callback(dst, 512, "readSector", sector);

    // Cards up to 2GB use byte addressing, SDHC cards use sector addressing
    uint32_t address = (type() == SD_CARD_TYPE_SDHC) ? sector : (sector * 512);

    uint32_t reply;
    if (!checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(16, 512, &reply)) || // SET_BLOCKLEN
        !checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_rx_start(dst, 1)) || // Prepare for reception
        !checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD17, address, &reply))) // READ_SINGLE_BLOCK
    {
        return false;
    }

    do {
        uint32_t bytes_done;
        g_sdio_error = rp2040_sdio_rx_poll(&bytes_done);

        if (callback)
        {
            callback(m_stream_count_start + bytes_done);
        }
    } while (g_sdio_error == SDIO_BUSY);

    if (g_sdio_error != SDIO_OK)
    {
        logmsg("SdioCard::readSector(", sector, ") failed: ", (int)g_sdio_error);
    }

    if (dst != real_dst)
    {
        memcpy(real_dst, g_sdio_dma_buf, sizeof(g_sdio_dma_buf));
    }

    return g_sdio_error == SDIO_OK;
}

bool SdioCard::readSectors(uint32_t sector, uint8_t* dst, size_t n)
{
    if (((uint32_t)dst & 3) != 0 || sector + n >= g_sdio_sector_count)
    {
        // Unaligned read or end-of-drive read, execute sector-by-sector
        for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
            if (!readSector(sector + i, dst + 512 * i))
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    sd_callback_t callback = get_stream_callback(dst, n * 512, "readSectors", sector);

    // Cards up to 2GB use byte addressing, SDHC cards use sector addressing
    uint32_t address = (type() == SD_CARD_TYPE_SDHC) ? sector : (sector * 512);

    uint32_t reply;
    if (!checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(16, 512, &reply)) || // SET_BLOCKLEN
        !checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_rx_start(dst, n)) || // Prepare for reception
        !checkReturnOk(rp2040_sdio_command_R1(CMD18, address, &reply))) // READ_MULTIPLE_BLOCK
    {
        return false;
    }

    do {
        uint32_t bytes_done;
        g_sdio_error = rp2040_sdio_rx_poll(&bytes_done);

        if (callback)
        {
            callback(m_stream_count_start + bytes_done);
        }
    } while (g_sdio_error == SDIO_BUSY);

    if (g_sdio_error != SDIO_OK)
    {
        logmsg("SdioCard::readSectors(", sector, ",...,", (int)n, ") failed: ", (int)g_sdio_error);
        stopTransmission(true);
        return false;
    }
    else
    {
        return stopTransmission(true);
    }
}

// These functions are not used for SDIO mode but are needed to avoid build error.
void sdCsInit(SdCsPin_t pin) {}
void sdCsWrite(SdCsPin_t pin, bool level) {}

// SDIO configuration for main program
SdioConfig g_sd_sdio_config(DMA_SDIO);

#endif